HAMILTONSBAWN
Hamiltonsbawn lies 7.2 km east of Armagh on the A51 and 5.2 km north of Markethill
on the B111. It is in the townland of Hamiltonbawn.
“It is a long extablished linear village with the older part fronting
the main street and recent development extending mostly northwards along the
Annareagh Road. It has an estimated population of 320.” (Armagh Area
Plan 2004: Armagh District Council Area)
Beside the village is the site of the original bawn, described in a tourist
information notice board there:
“This field was the site of Hamilton’s Bawn, a fortified house with defended
courtyard built by John Hamilton in 1619. By 1622 the lime and stone walls
of this structure were 12 feet high and 90 feet long by 63 feet broad. Twenty
families resided here during the Plantation period and provided a local garrison
of 30 armed men.“Hamilton’s Bawn was almost totally destroyed during a local uprising
in 1641 and rebuilt as a substantial ‘Castle’ with 3 chimneys by Hans Hamilton.
This gentleman sold the property in 1704 to repay his father’s debts and by
the 1720s the Gosford family of Markethill had taken possession. The Bawn
became an army barracks around 1730 after much debate concerning its use,
as recorded by Jonathan Swift.“This Hamilton’s Bawn, while it sticks in my hand,
I lose by the house what I get by the land
But how to dispose of it to the best bidder
For a Barrack or Malt-house we must now consider“The ‘Old Barracks” was garrisoned by troops of dragoons armed
with two hundered muskets until the 1830s. In this role Hamilton’s Bawn witnessed
numerous important events including the housing of 125 French prisoners force-marched
from Kinsale in 1798.”
The village was described in 1838 in the Ordnance Survey Memoirs:
- “Hamiltonsbawn village, situated on the road between
Richhill and Markethill at the distance of 2 1 miles from the former and 3
miles from the latter. It has 2 fairs in the year viz. on the 26th May and
on the 26th November. It contains 38 cabins and 23 2-storey houses. The trades
are 6 grocers and publicans, 2 carpenters, 3 shoemakers and 1 smith. There
is no place of worship nor police force nor magistrate.” (Ordnance
Survey Memoirs 1835-38)
The village was described in the Parliamentary Gazetteer:
-
“A village in the Parish of Mullabrack, Barony of Lower Fews, Co.Armagh,
Ulster. Its stands one and three quarter miles south of Richill, on the road
from thence to Dundalk. It is well built, and has a comparatively good appearance.
On a hill adjacent to it are the ruins of a castle, apparently very ancient,
but not used more than sixty or sixty-five years ago as a regularly garrisoned
barrack. Hamilstons Bawn was the scene of great cruelties in 1641, and is the
subject of a humorous poem by Dean Swift, Fairs are held on May 20th and November
20th. Area 15 acres, population in 1832, 1,043, in 1841, 217, houses, 44.”
McKay, P A Dictionary of Ulster Place-names (Belfast, 1999) notes:
Parish of Mullabrack, Barony of Fews Lower
Hamiltonsbawn takes its name from a Bawn or fortified mansion built in 1619 by John Hamilton of East Lothian in Scotland and destroyed in the 1641 rebellion. John Hamilton was of that family of Hamiltons who acquired extensive lands in north Down at the beginning of the seventeenth century and a descendent of whom founded Newtownhamilton in 1770.
(Hamilton’s Bawn, 1681)
I (AM, 2013) interpret the dotted circular figure in Bodley’s map as the site of a fort or defensive position important in 1609 and most probably the site of the early christian rath noted in the EHS records at grid reference H94834480.
In the accompanying audio recording, Frank McWhirter of Drumbeecross talks about family connections with Hamiltonsbawn (2mins 22s).
Use the audio controller to listen to this talk, given in 2013.